Chips, also known as microcircuits, microchips, and integrated circuits, are actually a collective term for semiconductor component products. There are many classifications of chips, which can be divided into analog chips and digital chips according to different processing signals. Simply put, analog chips utilize the amplification effect of transistors, while digital analog chips utilize the switching effect of crystals. Specifically, analog chips are used to generate, amplify, and process various types of analog signals, including analog-to-digital conversion chips (ADC), amplifier chips, power management chips, PLLs, and so on. The difficulty in designing analog chips lies in the excessive number of non ideal effects, which require solid basic knowledge and rich experience, such as small signal analysis, time-domain and frequency-domain analysis, and so on.

In contrast, digital chips are used to generate, amplify, and process various digital signals. Digital chips generally perform logical operations, while CPU, memory chips, and DSP chips all belong to digital chips. The difficulty in digital chip design lies in the large scale and complex process requirements of the chip, which usually requires multiple teams to collaborate and develop. The CPU is the central processing unit, which serves as the computing and control core of a computer system and is the ultimate execution unit for information processing and program execution. The CPU is the core hardware unit that controls and allocates all hardware resources (such as memory, input and output units) of a computer, and executes general operations.

According to international standard classification, it can be divided into: integrated circuits, discrete devices, sensors, optoelectronics;

According to the circuit, it can be divided into: Linear integrated circuit, digital integrated circuit, mixed signal integrated circuit;

Classified according to different processing signals, it can be divided into: analog chips: chips that process analog signals are called analog chips; Digital chip: The chip that processes digital signals is called a digital chip. What are analog signals and digital signals? Analog signal: in short, it is a Continuous signal, that is, it is sent continuously; Digital signal: It is a discrete signal, which is simply discontinuous.

Classified by usage function, it can be divided into: GPU, CPU, FPGA, DSP, ASIC, SOC;

Classified according to different application scenarios: civilian grade (consumer grade), industrial grade, automotive grade, military grade, aerospace grade;

Due to the millions or billions of components on a single chip, it is not possible to locate and connect each component separately. The chip is too small to be soldered and connected. Instead, designers use specialized programming languages to create small circuit components and combine them, gradually increasing the size and density of components on the chip to meet application requirements.